Keywords Abstract
Horstmann, Wolfram, Maurice Vanderfeesten, Elena Nicolaki, and Natalia Manola. "A deep validation process for open document repositories." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 429-431. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

Institutional document repositories show a systematic growth as well as a sustainable deployment. Therefore, they represent the current backbone of a distributed repository infrastructure. Many developments for electronic publishing through digital repositories are heading in the direction of innovative value-added services such as citation analysis or annotation systems. A rich service-layer based on machine-to-machine communication between value-added services and document repositories requires a reliable operation and data management within each repository. Aggregating search services such as OAISTER and BASE provide good results. But in order to provide good quality they also have to overcome heterogeneity by normalizing many of the data they receive and build specific profiles for sometimes even one individual repository. Since much of the normalization is done at the side of the service provider, it often remains unclear — maybe sometimes also to the manager of a local repository — exactly which data and services are exposed to the public. Here, an exploratory validation method for testing specification compliance in repositories is presented.

Engelen, Jan J.. "A rapidly growing electronic publishing trend: audiobooks for leisure and education." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 217-222. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Audiobooks; Commercialization; Spoken Information; Talking Books

This contribution focuses on the relatively new phenomenon of the purely commercial availability of audiobooks, sometimes also called “spoken books”, “talking books” or “narrated books”. Having the text of a book read aloud and recorded has been for a very long time the favourite solution to make books and other texts accessible for persons with a serious reading impairment such as blindness or low vision. Specialised production centres do exist in most countries of the world for producing these talking books. But now a growing number of commercial groups have found out that there is a booming market for these products as people slowly get used to leisure listening to books instead of reading them. Some companies claim already having over 40.000 titles in spoken format in their catalogue. Major differences and possible synergies between the two worlds are discussed.

Piwowar, Heather A., and Wendy W. Chapman. "A review of journal policies for sharing research data." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Bibliometrics; Data Sharing; Editorial Policies; Gene Expression; Instructions For Authors; Microarrays

Sharing data is a tenet of science, yet commonplace in only a few subdisciplines. Recognizing that a data sharing culture is unlikely to be achieved without policy guidance, some funders and journals have begun to request and require that investigators share their primary datasets with other researchers. The purpose of this study is to understand the current state of data sharing policies within journals, the features of journals that are associated with the strength of their data sharing policies, and whether the strength of data sharing policies impact the observed prevalence of data sharing. Methods: We investigated these relationships with respect to gene expression microarray data in the journals that most often publish studies about this type of data. We measured data sharing prevalence as the proportion of papers with submission links from NCBI’s Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We conducted univariate and linear multivariate regressions to understand the relationship between the strength of data sharing policy and journal impact factor, journal subdiscipline, journal publisher (academic societies vs. commercial), and publishing model (open vs. closed access). Results: Of the 70 journal policies, 53 made some mention of sharing publication-related data within their Instruction to Author statements. Of the 40 policies with a data sharing policy applicable to gene expression microarrays, we classified 17 as weak and 23 as strong (strong policies required an accession number from database submission prior to publication). Existence of a data sharing policy was associated with the type of journal publisher: 46% of commercial journals had data sharing policy, compared to 82% of journals published by an academic society. All five of the openaccess journals had a data sharing policy. Policy strength was associated with impact factor: the journals with no data sharing policy, a weak policy, and a strong policy had respective median impact factors of 3.6, 4.9, and 6.2. Policy strength was positively associated with measured data sharing submission into the GEO database: the journals with no data sharing policy, a weak policy, and a strong policy had median data sharing prevalence of 8%, 20%, and 25%, respectively. Conclusion: This review and analysis begins to quantify the relationship between journal policies and data sharing outcomes. We hope it contributes to assessing the incentives and initiatives designed to facilitate widespread, responsible, effective data sharing.

Romanello, Matteo. "A semantic linking framework to provide critical value-added services for E-journals on classics." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 401-414. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

In the field of Classical Studies the use of e-journals as effective means for scholarly research still needs to bootstrapped. This paper proposes a possible implementation of two value-added services to be provided by e-journals that is to reach this goal: reference linking and reference indexing. Both these services would contribute to make more machine-evident the hidden bond but of utmost importance which link together primary and secondary sources in this field of studies. On a technical level, this paper proposes the use of Microformats and of the Canonical Texts Service (CTS) protocol to build the semantic and nonproprietary linking framework necessary to provide scholars reading e-journals with some advanced and critical features.

Nucci, Michele, Michele Barbera, Christian Morbidoni, and Daniel Hahn. "A Semantic Web Powered Distributed Digital Library System." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 130-139. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

Research in Humanities and Social Sciences is traditionally based on printed publications such as manuscripts, personal correspondence, first editions and other types of documents which are often difficult to obtain. An important step to facilitate humanities and social sciences scholarship is to make digital reproductions of these materials freely available on-line. The collection of resources available on-line is continuously expanding. It is now required to develop tools to access these resources in an intelligent way and search them as if they were part of a unique information space. In this paper we present Talia, a innovative distributed semantic digital library, annotation and publishing system, which is specifically designed for the needs of scholarly research in humanities. Talia is strictly based on standard Semantic Web technologies and uses ontologies for the organization of knowledge, which can help the definition of a highly adaptable and state-of-the-art research and publishing environment. Talia provides an innovative and flexible system which enables data interoperability and new paradigms for information enrichment, data-retrieval and navigation. Moreover, digital libraries powered by Talia can be joined into a federation, to create a distributed peer-to-peer network of interconnected libraries. In the first three paragraphs we will introduce the motivations and the background that led to the development of Talia. In paragraphs 4 and 5 we will describe the Talia’s architecture and the Talia Federation. In paragraphs 6 and 7 we will focus on Talia’s specialized features for the Humanities Domain and its relations with the Discovery Project.In paragraph 9 we will describe Talia’s widget framework and how it can be used to customize Talia for other domains. In the final paragraph we will compare Talia with related technologies and platforms and suggest some possible future research and development ideas.

Marr, Daniel. "AbstractMaster®." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 428. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

AbstractMaster is a powerful search/data management software specifically designed to help quickly locate relevant medical articles indexed by the National Library of Medicine* (NLM), to help keep track searches, what one has read, catalog references and full text articles, to assist in the review and analysis of articles for referencing, publishing and research purposes. Basically, an electronic finder/cataloguer/ organizer for the sciences of medicine.

Schiff, Lisa. "Advancing scholarship through digital critical editions: Mark Twain project online." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 363-377. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

Digital critical editions hold the promise of supporting new scholarly research activities not previously possible or practical with print critical editions. This promise resides in the specific ability to integrate corpora, their associated editorial material and other related content into system architectures and data structures that exploit the strengths of the digital publishing environment. The challenge is to do more than simply create an online copy of the print publication, but rather to provide the kind of resource that both eases and extends the research activities of scholars. Authoritative collections published online in this manner, and with the same rigor brought to the print publishing process, offer scholars: the ability to discover more elusive, granular pieces of information with greater facility; tighter, more obvious and more accessible connections between authoritative versions of texts, editorial matter and primary source material; and continually corrected and expanded “editions,” no longer dependent upon the print lifecycle. This paper will explore these benefits and others as they are instantiated in the recently released Mark Twain Papers Online (MTPO) (http://www.marktwainproject.org), created and published as a joint project of the Mark Twain Papers & Project at The Bancroft Library of UC Berkeley (the Papers), the University of California Press (UC Press), and the California Digital Library of the University of California (CDL). This current release of MTPO is comprised of more than twenty three hundred letters written between 1853 and 1880; over twenty eight thousand records of other letters with text not held by the Papers; nearly one hundred facsimiles; and makes available the many decades of archival research on the part of the editors at the Papers. Of particular focus in this discussion will be several key features of the system which, despite the many challenges they presented in development, were felt to be essential pieces of a digital publication that could support scholarship in new and significant ways. Those features include facets, which create intellectual structure and support serendipity; advanced search, which provides a means for researchers to apply their own analytical frameworks; citation support functionality, which serves to secure and record the outcomes of research exploration; and complex displays of individual letters, which allow detailed inspection by collocating the pieces of the authoritative object. These features together maintain the integrity and stability of the collection, while concurrently allowing for fluidity in the continued expansion of the material. In this way, MTPO hopes to succeed as a digital critical edition that will support and extend the research activities of scholars.

Gray, Eve, and Marke Burke. "African universities in the knowledge economy: a collaborative approach to researching and promoting open communications in higher education." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 254-270. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

This paper will describe the informal collaborative approach taken by a group of donor funders and researchers in southern and eastern Africa aimed at consolidating the results and increasing the impact of a number of projects dealing with research communications and access to knowledge in higher education in southern and eastern Africa. The projects deploy a variety of perspectives and explore a range of contexts, using the collaborative potential of online resources and social networking tools for the sharing of information and results. The paper will provide a case study of donor intervention as well as analysing the methodologies, approaches and findings of the four projects concerned. The paper will explore the ways in which the projects and their funders have had to address the issues of the global dynamics of knowledge, of the changes in research practices being brought about by information and communication technologies; and of the promises that this could hold for improved access to knowledge in Africa. Finally, the conclusions of the paper address the complex dynamics of institutional change and national policy intervention and the ways in which a collaborative approach can address these.

Galina, Isabel, and Joaquín Giménez. "An overview of the development of open access journals and repositories in Mexico." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 280-287. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Developing Countries; Institutional Repository; Open Access; Open Access Journals

It has been noted that one of the potential benefits of Open Access is the increase in visibility for research output from less developed countries. However little is known about the development of OA journals and repositories in these regions. This paper presents an exploratory overview of the situation in Mexico, one of the leading countries in terms of scientific output in Latin America. To conduct the overview we focused on OA journals and repositories already in place and in development. It was particularly hard to locate information and our results do not intend to be exhaustive. We identified 72 Mexican OA journals using DOAJ. Of these journals 45 are from REDALyC which we identified as a key project in OA journal development in Mexico. Using OpenDOAR and ROAR, ten Mexican repositories were identified. These were reviewed and classified. We found a large variation between repositories in terms of size, degree of development and type. The more advanced repositories were well developed in terms of content and developing added on services. We also found inter-institutional groups working on advanced OAI tools. We also did a case study of 3R, a repository development project at one of the countries leading universities. This included interviews with two repository managers. The main challenges we found were lack of institutional buy in, staffing and policy development. The OA movement has not yet permeated the academic research environment. However, there are important working groups and projects that could collaborate and coordinate in order to lobby university authorities, national bodies and funders.

Paepen, Bert. "AudioKrant, the daily spoken newspaper." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 122-129. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Accessibility; Daisy; DTB (Digital Talking Books); Newspaper

Being subscribed to a newspaper, readers expect some basic things: receiving their paper in their mailbox early in the morning, being able to read it privately when and where they want, reading first what they find most interesting, etc. For people with a reading disability all this is not that obvious as only few accessible alternatives are around; accessible news on a daily basis does virtually not exist. Knowing that the number of visual disabled persons follows the rise in the ageing population, an increasing number of citizens however is getting debarred from a daily news reading experience. At present Belgium is one of the rare countries publishing a daily newspaper accessible to readers with a visual impairment, both in a Braille print and an electronic version. Notwithstanding major accessibility improvements over a printed newspaper, these newspapers still have some important barriers for many visually impaired readers. Reading requires specific skills and/or equipment, such as the ability to interpret Braille or the availability of a personal computer, a screen reader, a speech synthesizer or an internet connection. The goal of the AudioKrant project was to develop a new, universally accessible news publication with a minimal learning curve, aiming at a wide range of potential readers: the “talking newspaper”. Thanks to significant progress in text-to-speech technology it is today possible to produce a newspaper read by a computer voice that is understandable, has an acceptable speech quality and is even pleasant to listen to. This paper explains how the talking newspaper is produced, what formats and technology are used, what the current status and challenges are and what future improvements can be anticipated.

Barta, Robert, and Markus Wilhelm Schranz. "Autogeneous authorization framework for open access information management with topic maps." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 111-121. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Authorization Framework; Ontology; Semantic Technologies

Conventional content management systems (CMSes) consider user management, specifically authorization to modify content objects to be orthogonal to any evolution of content within the system. This puts the burden on a system administrator or his delegates to organize an authorization scheme appropriate for the community the CMS is serving. Arguably, high quality content - especially in open access publications with little or no a priori content classification – can only be guaranteed and later sustained, if the fields of competence of authors and editors parallel the thematic aspect of the content. In this work we propose to abandon the above-mentioned line of demarcation between object authorization and object theming, and describe a framework which allows to evolve content and its ontological aspect in lockstep with content ownership.

Johnston, Wayne, Rea Devakos, Peter Thiessen, and Gabriela Mircea. "Boost your capacity to manage Dspace." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 436. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. This workshop will provide attendees with the knowledge needed to manage a DSpace repository. It will cover essential administration and maintenance tasks but will not focus on the more technical details of installing and customizing the software. We will focus on DSpace version 1.4.2 but we will also introduce some of the changes and new features offered in version 1.5.
Costa, Sely M. S., and Fernando C. L. Leite. "Brazilian open access initiatives: key strategies and challenges." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 288-298. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Brazil; Governmental and Institutional Research Policy; Learned Publishing; Lusophone Collaboration; Open Access Journals; Open Access Repositories

This overview of key Open Access (OA) strategies in Brazil over the last three years describes the guidelines, tools and methodologies needed for Brazil to become an effective actor in the worldwide open access movement. We review general trends and awareness of OA, as well as ongoing developments and policies, opportunities and challenges, both national and international. The institutionalization of Brazilian scientific research is described, along with advances in open access journals and repositories, as well as institutional and governmental policies and the problems that have slowed their progress. Among the major actions targeted recently are plans and actions specific to Portuguese-speaking countries, as well as international collaboration. We conclude with challenges and opportunities ahead.

Hedlund, Turid. "Business school researchers' attitudes towards open access and institutional repositories: a study on user acceptance and user behavior." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 15-22. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

The aim of this study was to address the need of further studies on researchers’ expectancies and attitudes towards open access publishing. In particular we wanted to focus on acceptance and user behavior regarding institutional archives. The approach is domain specific and was based on a framework of theories on intellectual and social organization of the sciences and communication practices in the digital era. In the study we apply a theoretical model of user acceptance and user behavior (UTAUT) developed by Venkatesh et al. in 2003 as an explanatory model for developing a survey form for a quantitative empirical research on user attitudes and preferences. Thus our research approach is new and crossdisciplinary in the way we combine earlier research results from the fields of organizational theory, information science and information systems science. This is in our view a fruitful approach broadening the theoretical base of the study and bringing in a deeper understanding of the research problems. As a result of the study we will present a model framework and a web survey form for how to carry out the empirical study.

Córdoba-González, Saray, and Rolando Coto-Solano. "Characteristics shared by the scientific electronic journals of Latin America and the Caribbean." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 187-202. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Electronic Journals; Latin America; Latindex; Scholarly Journals; Serials Quality Criteria

Our objective is to analyze the use that Latin American peer-reviewed journals make of the tools and opportunities provided by electronic publishing, particularly of those that would make them evolve to be more than “mere photocopies” of their printed counterparts. While doing these, we also set out to discover if there were any Latin American journals that use these technologies in an effective way, comparable to the most innovative journals in existence. We extracted a sample of 125 journals from the LATINDEX – Regional System of Scientific Journals of Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal – electronic resources index, and compared along five dimensions: (1) Non-linearity, (2) use of multimedia, (3) linking to external resources (“multiple use”), (4) interactivity, and (5) use of metadata, search engines, and other added resources. We have found that very few articles in these journals (14%) used non-linear links to navigate between different sections of the article. Almost no journals (3%) featured multimedia contents. About one in every four articles (26%) published in the journals analyzed had their references or bibliographic items enriched by links that connected to the original documents quoted by the author. The most common form of interaction was user!journal, in the form of question forms (17% of journals) and new issue warnings (17% of journals). Some, however (5%) had user!user interaction, offering forums and response to published articles by the readership. About 35% of the journals have metadata within their pages, and 50% offer search engines to their users. One of the most pressing problems for these journals it the wrong use of rather simple technologies such as linking: 49% of the external resource links were mismarked in some way, with a full 24% being mismarked by spelling or layout mistakes. Latin American journals still present a number of serious limitations when using electronic resources and techniques, with text being overwhelmingly linear and underlinked, e-mail to the editors being the main means of contact, and multimedia as a scarce commodity. We selected a small sample of journals from other regions of the world, and found that they offer significantly more non-linearity (p = 0.005 < 0.1), interactive features (p = 0.005 < 0.1), use of multimedia (p = 0.04 < 0.1) and linking to external documents (p = 0.007 < 0.1). While these are the current characteristics of Latin American journals, a number of very notable exceptions speak volumes of the potential of these technologies to improve the quality of Latin American scholarly publishing.

Tonta, Yasar, and Ünal Yurdagül. "Consortial use of electronic journals in Turkish universities." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 203-216. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

The use of electronic journals has outnumbered that of printed journals within the last decade. The consortial use of electronic journals through publishers’ or aggregators’ web sites is on the rise worldwide. This is also the case for Turkey. The Turkish academic community downloaded close to 50 million fulltext articles from various electronic journal databases since the year 2000. This paper analyzes the seven-years’ worth of journal use data comprising more than 25 million full-text articles downloaded from Elsevier’s ScienceDirect (SD) electronic journals package between 2001 and 2007. Some 100 core journals, constituting only 5% of all SD journal titles, satisfied over 8.4 million download requests. The lists of core journals were quite stable, consistently satisfying one third of all demand. A large number of journal titles were rarely used while some were never used at all. The correlation between the impact factors (IFs) of core journal titles and the number of downloads therefrom was rather low. Findings can be used to develop better consortial collection management policies and empower the consortium management to negotiate better deals with publishers.

Linde, Peter, and Aina Svensson. "Creating OA information for researchers." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 415-416. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

About half of the Swedish Universities and University colleges are today administrating some sort of institutional repository and about a dozen of these can deliver meta data according to the recommendations set by a national project SVEP in 2003-05. Today the problem is not a lack of software or hardware technology. The immediate question is instead how we are going to fill our archives with full-text documents and how to make researchers see the possibilities and the advantages with publishing their documents Open Access. Today there is a vast ignorance of OA in the Swedish research community. Many Swedish libraries need therefore a support in order to tackle the task of sharing information and marketing OA. The understanding and knowledge about OA among librarians is also needed to be increased.

Martens, Bob, Peter Linde, Robert Klinc, and Per Holmberg. "Enhancing the sustainability of electronic access to ELPUB proceedings: means for long-term dissemination." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 390-400. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

ELPUB can look back on a track record of a steadily growing number of conference papers. From a longterm perspective, access to this body of knowledge is of great interest to the community. Beyond this, extended preoccupation with the collected scientific work in the area of digital publishing has to be mentioned. Naturally, the authors are particularly focussed on the individual paper itself and possible connections with related efforts. Typically, conferences amplify and enhance opportunities of “gettingtogether”. A well-stocked repository may, however, serve in this respect as a fruitful complementary addition. In this contribution, the implementation of persistent identifiers on the existing ELPUB.scix.netbase is elaborated in detail. Furthermore, the authors present the result of efforts related to the harvesting of ELPUB-metadata and to the creation of a citation index. The paper concludes with an outlook on future plans.

Bankier, Jean-Gabriel, and Courtney Smith. "Establishing library publishing: best practices for creating successsful journal editors." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 68-78. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Digital Commons; Journal Publishing in An Institutional Repository; Library As Publisher; Open-Access; Road Map For Library Publishing; University as a Publisher of E-Journals; University As Publisher

Library publishing is a hot topic. We compiled the results of interviews with librarians and editors who are currently publishing journals with the Digital Commons platform. While the research and illustrations in this paper originate from Digital Commons subscriber interviews, we think the lessons and trends we’ve identified can serve as a roadmap for all librarians looking to provide successful publishing services to their faculty. Successful journal publishing appears to rely greatly upon the librarian hitting the pavement and promoting. The librarian must be ready to invest time and commit to a multi-year view. With support and encouragement, faculty will begin journals. The librarian can then use these early successes as showcases for others. While the first editors get involved in publishing because they believe in open-access or are looking to make a mark, for future editors the most powerful motivator is seeing the success of their peers. Publishing becomes viral, and the successful librarian encourages this.

Jezek, Karel, Dalibor Fiala, and Josef Steinberger. "Exploration and evaluation of citation networks." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 351-362. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

This paper deals with the definitions, explanations and testing of the PageRank formula modified and adapted for bibliographic networks. Our modifications of PageRank take into account not only the citations but also the co-authorship relationships. We verified the capabilities of the developed algorithms by applying them to the data from the DBLP digital library and subsequently by comparing the resulting ranks of the sixteen winners of the ACM SIGMOD E.F.Codd Innovations Award from the years 1992 till 2007. Such ranking, which is based on both the citation and co-authorship information, gives better and more fairminded results than the standard PageRank gives. The proposed method is able to reduce the influence of citation loops and gives the opportunity for farther improvements e.g. introducing temporal views into the citations evaluating algorithms.

Harnad, Stevan. "Filling OA Space At Long Last: Integrating University and Funder Mandates and Metrics." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Since my last ElPub Keynote 8 years ago in Russia, there are signs of acceleration toward Open Access (OA) at long last: First, since the creation of free software for building OAI-compliant Institutional Repositories (IRs) in 2000, most of the major universities worldwide now have IRs, but they are still mostly empty. In 2004 the UK Parliamentary Select Committee recommended mandating that all researchers self-archive their peer-reviewed research articles in IRs to make them OA (&quot;Green OA&quot;). The majority of journals have already endorsed author OA self-archiving. In 2006 six of the seven UK Research Councils adopted the mandate. Soon so did a number of other funders and universities the world over, including, most recently, the NIH (Dec 2007) and Harvard (Feb 2008) in the US. In the UK, the Research Assessment Exercise (RAE), which ranks UK universities based on their research performance and funds them proportionately, announced that as of 2008 the ranking would be based on metrics instead of panel evaluation. OA has been shown to enhance research metrics. The incentive feedback loop for OA has been closed. Once 100% (Green) OA has been reached, there will sooner or later be a transition to OA publishing (&quot;Gold OA&quot;), with journals downsizing to become online peer-review service providers and certifiers only, while archiving and access-provision are offloaded onto the worldwide network of OA IRs and their central harvesters and peer-review costs per paper paid for by the author-institution out of their annual subscription savings.
Björk, Bo-Christer, Annikki Roosr, and Mari Lauri. "Global annual volume of peer reviewed scholarly articles and the share available via different open access options." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 178-186. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Article Output; Open Access; Scholarly Publishing; Scientific Articles

A key parameter in any discussions about the academic peer reviewed journal system is the number of articles annually published. Several diverging estimates of this parameter have been proposed in the past, and have also influenced calculations of the average production price per article, the total costs of the journal system and the prevalence of Open Access publishing. With journals and articles increasingly being present on the web and indexed in a number of databases it has now become possible to quite accurately estimate the number of articles. We used the databases of ISI and Ulrich’s as our primary sources and estimate that the total number of articles published in 2006 by 23 750 journals was approximately 1 350 000. Using this number as denominator it was also possible to estimate the number of articles which are openly available on the web in primary OA journals (gold OA). This share turned out to be 4.6 % for the year 2006. In addition at least a further 3.5 % was available after an embargo period of usually one year, bringing the total share of gold OA to 8.1% Using a random sample of articles, we also tried to estimate the proportion of the articles published which are available as copies deposited in e-print repositories or homepages (green OA). Based on the article title a web search engine was used to search for a freely downloadable full-text version. For 11.3 % a usable copy was found. Combining these two figures we estimate that 19.4 % of the total yearly output can be accessed freely.

Pennefather, Peter, and Peter Jones. "Interpretive collaborative review: enabling multi-perspectival dialogues to generate collaborative assignments of relevance to information resources in a dedicated problem domain." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 299-311. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

Interpretive Collaborative Review (ICR) is a process designed to assemble electronically accessible research papers and other forms of information into collaboratively interpreted guides to information artefacts relevant to particular problems. The purpose of ICR is to enable collective understanding of a selected problem area that can be developed and represented by evaluating (reviewing) selected artefacts through a collaborative deliberation process. ICR has been conceptually formalized as an online environment enabling collaborative evaluation of relevancy relationships articulated in the triad of: 1) specific problems (topic), 2) diverse stakeholders and reviewer perspectives (context), and 3) particular settings where the problem matters (task). We define relevance as a cognitive recognition of proximal meaning relationships among the triad nodes of topic, task, and context. Three necessary dimensions of relevance relationships are proposed: 1) precedence, 2) validity, and 3) maturity. Based on experience with other forms of collaborative knowledge construction such as structured dialogue and cooperative learning, we conceptualized the ICR process as encompassing three phases: 1) discovery, promoting initial interpretations and definition, 2) deliberation, promoting emerging understanding and acceptance of degrees of interpretation within the group and 3) dissemination, promoting summation, validation, and distribution or publication of conclusions. The ICR method starts by recruiting a community of reviewers with necessarily diverse perspectives who agree to collaborate in identifying and evaluating information artefacts that can inform knowledge construction centered on a problem of common interest. A discovery phase allows reviewers to declare perspectives that are further delimited and explored collaboratively through the use of group dialogue around challenge questions. This is followed by a deliberative phase that facilitates collaborative dialogue aimed at developing a shared understanding of available information artefacts and their significance and of how those sources are relevant to the problem context. A final dissemination phase involves recording and publishing the knowledge synthesis and innovation that emerged from this collaborative dialogical process to affect knowledge transfer. Alignment of perspectives is promoted through collaborative generation of an aggregated report that describes the perceived relevancy relationships for each knowledge artefact evaluated in the review collection. While useful by itself, this report also serves as the raw material for a new form of scholarly publication, the 3D-Review, where relevancy relationships are used to guide suggested actions that could be taken with respect to advancing knowledge of the problem and options for addressing it. Both reports and reviews are indexable and electronically accessible, allowing other communities or individuals to find, retrieve, and act upon the new knowledge associated with the reports and reviews. This process of rigorous and purposeful deliberation enabled through online support of honest dialogue has the potential to develop into a new form of scholarly activity that should be useful in integrative scholarship.

Christian, Gideon Emcee. "Issues and challenges to development of institutional repositories in academic and research institutions in Nigeria." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 422-424. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Institutional Repositories; Nigeria; Open Access; Research Output

Open Access institutional repositories are electronic archives that may contain post-published articles, pre-published articles, thesis, manuals, teaching materials or other documents that the authors or their institutions wish to make publicly available without financial or other access barriers. Open Access institutional repositories provide an avenue for the promotion and dissemination of knowledge and institutional research outputs. It can also provide a better picture of the type of research being conducted at these institutions.

Apps, Ann, and Ross MacIntyre. "Joining up 'discovery to delivery' services." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 312-321. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Bibliographic Article Record; Biomedical Research Services; Harvest; OAI-PMH; Open Access

Zetoc is a bibliographic current awareness service that provides discovery of relevant literature within the British Library’s Electronic Table of Contents of journal articles and conference papers. A researcher having discovered an article of interest will wish to read it, preferring to locate an electronic copy of an article to be delivered directly to their desktop. However, until now, Zetoc was essentially the British Library’s document delivery catalogue, containing details of journals that are published traditionally. The lack of open access articles in Zetoc, because there would be no reason to order and pay for copies of these articles, implied a deficiency in Zetoc as a current awareness and general article discovery service. This paper describes the introduction of open access article records into Zetoc by OAI-PMH harvesting from UK PubMed Central. The prototype concentrates on biomedicine and initially BioMed Central journals. But the paper discusses future extension to other disciplines, as well as general requirements for sharing bibliographic article records.

Tonkin, Emma, and Henk L. Muller. "Keyword and metadata extraction from pre-prints." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 30-44. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Bayesian Classification; Dublin Core; Metadata Extraction; User Evaluation

In this paper we study how to provide metadata for a pre-print archive. Metadata includes, but is not limited to, title, authors, citations, and keywords, and is used to both present data to the user in a meaningful way, and to index and cross-reference the pre-prints. We are particularly interested in studying different methods to obtain metadata for a pre-print. We have developed a system that automatically extracts metadata, and that allows the user to verify and correct metadata before it is accepted by the system.

de Waard, Anita, and Joost Kircz. "Modeling scientific discourse - shifting perspectives and persistent issues." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 234-245. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Metadata Creation and Usage; New Scholarly Constructs and Discourse Methods; Pragmatic and Semantic Web Technologies; Scientific Publishing Models

We review over 10 years of research at Elsevier and various Dutch academic institutions on establishing a new format for the scientific research article. Our work rests on two main theoretical principles: the concept of modular documents, consisting of content elements that can exist and be published independently and are linked by meaningful relations, and the use of semantic data standards allowing access to heterogeneous data. We discuss the application of these concepts in five different projects: a modular format for physics articles, an XML encyclopedia in pharmacology, a semantic data integration project, a modular format for computer science proceedings papers, and our current work on research articles in cell biology.

Loubani, Tarek, Sally Murray, Claire Kendall, Anita Palepu, Stephen Choi, John Willinsky, Anne Marie Todkill, and Alison Sinclair. "No budget, no worries: free and open source publishing software in biomedical publishing." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 140-148. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

Open Medicine (http://www.openmedicine.ca) is an electronic open access, peer-reviewed general medical journal that started publication in April 2007. The editors of Open Medicine have been exploring the use of Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) in constructing an efficient and sustainable publishing model that can be adopted by other journals. The goal of using FOSS is to minimize scarce financial resources and maximize return to the community by way of software code and high quality articles. Using information collected through archived documents and interviews with key editorial and technical staff responsible for journal development, this paper reports on the incorporation of FOSS into the production workflow of Open Medicine. We discuss the different types of software used; how they interface; why they were chosen; and the successes and challenges associated with using FOSS rather than proprietary software. These include the flagship FOSS office and graphics packages (OpenOffice, The GIMP, Inkscape), the content management system Drupal to run our Open Medicine Blog, wiki software MediaWiki to communicate and archive our weekly editorial and operational meeting agenda, minutes and other documents that the team can collectively edit, Scribus for automated layout and VOIP software Skype and OpenWengo to communicate. All software can be run on any of the main operating systems, including the free and open source GNU/Linux Operating system. Journal management is provided by Open Journal Systems, developed by the Public Knowledge Project (http://pkp.sfu.ca/?q=ojs). OJS assists with every stage of the refereed publishing process, from submissions, assignment of peer reviewers, through to online publication and indexing. The Public Knowledge Project has also recently developed Lemon8-XML (http://pkp.sfu.ca/ lemon8), which automates the conversion of text document formats to XML, enabling structured markup of content for automated searching and indexing. As XML is required for inclusion in PubMed Central, this integrated, semi-automated processing of manuscripts is a key ingredient for biomedical publishing, and Lemon8-XML has significant resource implications for the many journals where XML conversion is currently done manually or with proprietary software. Conversion to XML and the use of Scribus has allowed semi-automated production of HTML and PDF documents for online publication, representing another significant resource saving. Extensive use of free and open source software by Open Medicine serves as a unique case study for the feasibility of FOSS use for all journals in scholarly publishing. It also demonstrates how innovative use of this software adds to a more sustainable publishing model that is replicable worldwide.

Norris, Michael, Charles Oppenheim, and Fytton Rowland. "Open access citation rates and developing countries." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 335-342. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

Academics, having written their peer reviewed articles, may at some stage in the make their work Open Access (OA). They can do this by self-archiving an electronic version of their article to a personal or departmental web page or to an institutional or subject repository, such that the article then becomes freely available to anyone with Internet access to read and cite. Those authors who do not wish to do this may leave their article solely in the hands of a toll access (TA) journal publisher who charges for access, consigning their article to remain behind a subscription barrier. Lawrence (2003), in a short study, noted that conference articles in computer science that were freely available on the World Wide Web were more highly cited that those that were not. Following this, there have been a number of studies which have tried to establish whether peer-reviewed articles from a range of disciplines which are freely available on the World Wide Web, and hence are OA, accrue more citations than those articles which remain behind subscription barriers (Antelman 2004, Davis and Fromerth 2007, Eysenbach 2006, Harnad and Brody 2004, Kurtz and Henneken 2007, Moed 2007). These authors generally agree that there is a citation advantage to those articles that have been made OA, but are either uncertain about, or find that they cannot agree on, the cause of this advantage. The causes of this citation advantage could simply be that OA articles are available well in advance of formal publication, and so have a longer period in which to accrue citations, or simply that more authors, because they are freely available, can read and cite them. As part of this debate, Smith (2007) asked whether authors from developing countries might contribute to higher citation counts by accessing OA articles and citing them more readily than TA articles. As part of a larger study of the citation advantage of OA articles (Norris, Oppenheim and Rowland 2008), research was undertaken to see whether a higher proportion of citations to OA articles came from authors based in countries where funds for the purchase of journals are very limited. Mathematics was chosen as the field to be studied, because no special programme for access in developing countries, such as HINARI (2007), covers this subject. The results show that the majority of citations were given by Americans to Americans, but the admittedly small number of citations from authors in developing countries do seem to show a higher proportion of citations given to OA articles than is the case for citations from developed countries. Some of the evidence for this conclusion is, however, mixed, with some of the data pointing toward a more complex picture of citation behaviour.

Arunachalam, Subbiah. "Open access in India: hopes and frustrations." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 271-279. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Csir; India; Open Access

Current status of scientific research and progress made in open access – OA journals, OA repositories and open course ware - in India are reviewed. India is essentially feudal and hierarchical; there is a wide variation in the level of engagement with science and research and there is a wide gap between talk and action. Things never happen till they really happen. The key therefore is constant advocacy and never slackening the effort, and to deploying both bottom-up and top-down approaches. The author’ own engagement with the Science Academies and key policymakers is described. Indian Institute of Science is likely to deposit a very large proportion of the papers published by its faculty and students in the past hundred years in its EPrints archive. There is hope that CSIR will soon adopt open access.

Stranack, Kevin, and John Willinsky. "Open journal systems: working with different editorial and economic models." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 433. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. This session will provide an introduction to the Public Knowledge Project and an overview of the Open Journal Systems (OJS) online publication management software (http://pkp.sfu.ca/ojs). It will include an examination of the publishing process, peer review and editorial workflow, web site management, and tips for increasing journal visibility. This half-day, hands-on workshop is aimed at editors, publishers, librarians, and others interested in learning about this free, open source software that is being used by over 1000 journals around the world. Participants will come away with the ability to start up and operate their own online journal management system.
Olivier, Elsabé. "Open scholarship eCopyright@UP. Rainbow options: negotiating for the proverbial pot of gold." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 417-420. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

There is a worldwide trend towards Open scholarship and towards the end of 2005 the University of Pretoria (UP) developed the institutional repository named UPSpace https://www.up.ac.za/dspace/. Within UPSpace, openUP houses the e-print collection of peer reviewed and published research articles/papers by staff, students and other affiliates of the University of Pretoria. The purpose of this collection is to make the University’s research visible and accessible to the entire international research community, in accordance with the philosophy and practice of Open access as well as the copyright policies of the publishers. These research articles correspond with the University’s Annual Research Report. Submission of research articles started in July 2006 and the openUP collection comprises of 1526 items which have been mapped from the Research articles collections.

Gray, Eve, Melissa Hagemann, Heather Joseph, and Mark Surman. "Opening scholarship: strategies for integrating open access and open education." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 435. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. The objectives of this workshop are: (1.) Inform publishers and scholars involved in open access about recent developments in open education, including the Cape Town Declaration. (2.) Identify lessons from the success of the open access publishing movement that can be applied to open education, and brainstorm opportunities for action based on these lessons. (3.) Surface opportunities for long term synergies and interconnection between open access and open education, feeding into the broader agenda of open scholarship.
Eysenbach, Gunther. "Preserving the scholarly record with WebCite(R) (www.webcitation.org): an archiving system for long-term digital preservation of cited webpages." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 378-389. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Citing Web Material; Digital Preservation; Internet Archiving

Scholars are increasingly citing electronic “web references” which are not preserved in libraries or full text archives. WebCite is a new standard for citing web references. To “webcite” a document involves archiving the cited Web page through www.webcitation.org and citing the WebCite permalink instead of (or in addition to) the unstable live Web page. Almost 200 journals are already using the system. We discuss the rationale for WebCite, its technology, and how scholars, editors, and publishers can benefit from the service. Citing scholars initiate an archiving process of all cited Web references, ideally before they submit a manuscript. Authors of online documents and websites which are expected to be cited by others can ensure that their work is permanently available by creating an archived copy using WebCite and providing the citation information including the WebCite link on their Web document(s). Editors should ask their authors to cache all cited Web addresses (Uniform Resource Locators, or URLs) “prospectively” before submitting their manuscripts to their journal. Editors and publishers should also instruct their copyeditors to cache cited Web material if the author has not done so already. Finally, WebCite can process publisher submitted “citing articles” (submitted for example as eXtensible Markup Language [XML] documents) to automatically archive all cited Web pages shortly before or on publication. Finally, WebCite can act as a focussed crawler, caching retrospectively references of already published articles. Copyright issues are addressed by honouring respective Internet standards (robot exclusion files, no-cache and no-archive tags). Long-term preservation is ensured by agreements with libraries and digital preservation organizations. The resulting WebCite Index may also have applications for research assessment exercises, being able to measure the impact of Web services and published Web documents through access and Web citation metrics.

Polydoratou, Panayiota, and Martin Moyle. "Publishing scientific research: is there ground for new ventures?" In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 79-89. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Astrophysics and Cosmology; Overlay Journal Model; Publishing Models; Subject Repositories

This paper highlights some of the issues that have been reported in surveys carried out by the RIOJA (Repository Interface for Overlaid Journal Archives) project (http://www.ucl.ac.uk/ls/rioja). Six hundred and eighty three scientists (17% of 4012 contacted), and representatives from publishing houses and members of editorial boards from peer-reviewed journals in astrophysics and cosmology provided their views regarding the overlay journal model. In general the scientists were disposed favourably towards the overlay journal model. However, they raised several implementation issues that they would consider important, primarily relating to the quality of the editorial board and of the published papers, the speed and quality of the peer review process, and the long-term archiving of the accepted research material. The traditional copy-editing function remains important to researchers in these disciplines, as is the visibility of research in indexing services. The printed volume is of little interest.

Hastings, Kirk, Martin Haye, and Lisa Schiff. "Publishing with the CDL's eXtensible Text Framework (XTF)." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 432. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. The eXtensible Text Framework (XTF) is a powerful and highly configurable platform for providing access to digital content. It is specifically designed to support rapid development by allowing the implementer to easily control data flow and presentation at any point using the easily-learned XSLT language. However, this level of flexibility can make for a steep learning curve. In this hands-on workshop we will concentrate on some common tasks in the development of a custom interface and guide the participants through their solution. Our goal is to give you enough skills to allow you to continue development on your own.
Carr, Leslie. "Repositories that support research management." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 434. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. The aim of institutional repositories has focused on serving the interests of faculty – researchers and teachers – by collecting their intellectual outputs for long-term access, preservation and management. However, management are members of an institution too, and can reasonably ask for the repository to provide services that assist in the task of research management. There is also an entirely pragmatic argument for supporting management agendas: experience shows that in order to attain the engagement of the faculty, it is necessary to obtain the support of the institutional management. But in order to gain management support, a repository has to demonstrate a measureable and effective contribution to current management agendas and concerns – e.g. research management or research assessment.
Shafi, Sheikh Mohammad. "Research impact of open access contributions across disciplines." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 343-350. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

The study is based on 4,413 papers identified from Elsevier’s Scopus for various fields from 2000 to 2004 to assess the research impact of OA journal articles, from DOAJ based journals, using sampling techniques following ‘R’ software. It focuses to test the hypothesis “OA articles in hard, urban and convergent fields receive more citations (hence higher research impact) than those in soft, rural and divergent subjects, besides a comparative study of research impact across disciplines, supported with experimental method and literature review.

Dacos, Marin. "Revues.org, online humanities and social sciences portal." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 426-427. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Electronic Publishing Platform; Humanities and Social Sciences; Learned Societies

Since 1999, the CLEO, “Centre pour l’édition électronique ouverte”, (“Centre for open electronic publishing”), has been developing Revues.org, the oldest French social sciences portal, which now gathers more than one hundred and fifty journals. The centre promotes the dissemination of scientific literature in the humanities and social sciences by developing electronic publishing. It federates scholarly journals, provides them with a technological support and helps them to settle their visibility on the internet. It also fosters the learning of skills linked to electronic publishing by organizing trainings and by producing documentation. This project originates from the French scientific community. All journals follow academic and scholarly standards in the fields of history, politics, geography, sociology, anthropology, psychology, etc. They are owned by learned societies, major research centres, university institutes or private publishers. Most of them receive funds from the CNRS, the CNL (Centre national du livre in France) or universities.

Hawkins, Kevin. "Scalable electronic publishing in a university library." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 421. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

Since 2001, the Scholarly Publishing Office (SPO), a division of the University of Michigan University Library, has published a broad range of scholarly literature in electronic and print form, extending the library’s commitment to the distribution of scholarship by experimenting with innovative methods for publishing to serve the needs of scholars, both at the University of Michigan and around the world. In 2007, SPO’s staff of approximately 7.5 FTEs published nearly 2,000 articles in journals, reviews, and conference proceedings, plus a handful of monographs, image collections, and other digital projects. Text content is stored in XML, with approximately half of the 2007 articles derived from unstructured electronic source documents. SPO’s seven years of experience demonstrates how to build a scalable electronic publishing operation.

Coleman, Ross. "Scholarly publishing within an eScholarship framework - Sydney eScholarship as a model of integration and sustainability." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 165-177. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Data Publication; Eresearch; Escholarship; Scholarly Communication; Sydney University Press

This paper will discuss and describe an operational example of a business model where scholarly publication (Sydney University Press) functions within an eScholarship framework that also integrates digital collections, open access repositories and eResearch data services. The paper will argue that such services are complementary, and that such a level of integration benefits the development of a sustainable publishing operation. The paper describes the business model as a dynamic hybrid. The kinds of values considered include tangible and intangible benefits as well as commercial income. The paper illustrates the flexible operational model with four brief cases studies enabled by integrating repository, digital library, and data services with an innovative publishing service.

Greco, Albert N., and Robert Michael Wharton. "Should university presses adopt an open access [electronic publishing] business model for all of their scholarly books?" In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 149-164. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

This paper analyzes U.S. university press datasets (2001-2007) to determine net publishers’ revenues and net publishers’ units, the major markets and channels of distribution (libraries and institutions; college adoptions; and general retailer sales) that these presses relied on, and the intense competition these presses confronted from commercial scholarly, trade, and college textbook publishers entering these three markets. ARIMA forecasts were employed to determine projections for the years 2008-2012 to ascertain changes or declines in market shares. The paper concludes with a brief series of substantive recommendations including the idea that university presses must consider abandoning a “print only” business model and adopt an “Open Access” electronic publishing model in order to reposition the presses to regain the unique value proposition these presses held in the late 1970s.

Catarino, Maria Elisabete, and Ana Alice Baptista. "Social tagging and Dublin core: a preliminary proposal for an application profile for DC social tagging." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 100-110. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Dublin Core; Folksonomy; Metadata; Social Tagging

The Web 2.0 maximizes the Internet concept of encouraging its users to cooperate effectively for the offer of virtual services and content organization. Among the various potentialities of the Web 2.0, folksonomy appears as a result of the free assignment of tags to the Web’s resources by their users/ readers. Despite tags describe the Web’s resources, generally they are not integrated in the metadata. In order for them to be intelligible by machines and therefore used in the Semantic Web context, they have to be automatically allocated to specific metadata elements. There are many metadata formats. The focus of this investigation will be the Dublin Core Metadata Terms (DCTerms) that is a widely used set of properties for the description of electronic resources. A subset of DCTerms, the Dublin Core Metadata Element Set (DCMES), has been adopted by the majority of Institutional Repositories’ platforms as a way to promote interoperability. We propose a research that intends to identify elements of the metadata originated from folksonomies and propose an application profile for DC Social Tagging. That will allow tags to be conveniently processed by interoperability protocols, particularly the Open Archives Initiative – Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH). This paper will present the results of the pilot study developed in the beginning of the research as well as the metadata elements preliminarily defined.

Eberle-Sinatra, Michael, Michael Copeland, and Devakos Rea Lynn. "Synergies, OJS, and the Ontario Scholars Portal." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 246-253. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Content Management; Digital Access; Online Publication

This paper introduces the CFI-funded project Synergies: The Canadian Information Network for Research in the Social Sciences and Humanities, and two of its regional components. This four-year project is a national distributed platform with a wide range of tools to support the creation, distribution, access and archiving of digital objects such as journal articles. It will enable the distribution and use of social sciences and humanities research, as well as to create a resource and platform for pure and applied research. In short, Synergies will be a research tool and a dissemination tool that will greatly enhance the potential and impact of Social Sciences and Humanities scholarship. The Synergies infrastructure is built on two publishing platforms: Érudit and the Public Knowledge Project (PKP). This paper will present the PKP project within the broader context of scholarly communications. Synergies is also built on regional nodes, with both overlapping and unique services. The Ontario region will be presented as a case study, with particular emphasis on project integration with Scholars Portal, a digital library.

Porrett, Barbara. "The IDRC Digital Library: an open access institutional repository disseminating the research results of developing world researchers." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 23-29. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Developing World Research; Dspace; Idrc Digital Library; Institutional Repository; International Development Research Centre; Open Access

The International Development Research Centre (IDRC) has recently launched the OAI-PMH compliant IDRC Digital Library (IDL), a DSpace institutional repository. The digital library has been developed to enhance the dissemination of research outputs created as a result of Centre-funded research. The repository has a number of unique qualities. It is the public bibliographic database of a Canadian research funding organization, its subject focus is international development and the content is retrospective, dating back to the early 1970s. Intellectual property issues have been a major factor in the development of the repository. Copyright ownership of a majority of IDL content is held by developing world institutions and researchers. The digitization of content and its placement in the open access IDL has involved obtaining permissions from hundreds of copyright holders located in Africa, Asia and Latin America. IDRC has determined that obtaining permissions and populating the repository with developing world researchers’ outputs will help to improve scholarly communication mechanisms for Southern researchers. The expectation is that the IDL will make a contribution to bridging the South to South and South to North knowledge gap. The IDRC Digital Library will serve as a dissemination channel that will improve the visibility, accessibility and research impact of southern research.

Tous, Ruben, and Jaime Delgado. "The MPEG Query Format, a new standard for querying digital content. Usage in scholarly literature search and retrieval." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 45-55. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

The initiative of standardization of MPEG Query Format (MPQF) has refueled the research around the definition of a unified query language for digital content. The goal is to provide a standardized interface to multimedia document repositories, including but not limited to multimedia databases, documental databases, digital libraries, spatio-temporal databases and geographical information systems. The initiative is being led by MPEG (i.e. ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11). This paper presents MPQF as a new approach for retrieving multimedia document instances from very large document databases, and its particular application to scholarly literature search and retrieval. The paper also explores how MPQF can be used in combination with the Open Archives Initiative (OAI) to deploy advanced distributed search and retrieval services. Finally, the issue of rights preservation is discussed.

Willinsky, John. "The Quality of Open Scholarship: What Follows from Open?" In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Amid the strategic and principled pursuit of open access to research, developments are underway in scholarly publishing that are using the current and coming openness to enhance the quality and value of the work that researchers and scholars do. This presentation will consider such developments as promising extensions of the most traditional of critical apparatuses, namely, the text, table, figure, index, footnote, and commentary.
Stranack, Kevin, Gwen Bird, and Rea Devakos. "The role of academic libraries in building open communities of scholars." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 90-99. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Academic Libraries; Public Knowledge Project; Scholarly Publishing

This paper describes three important pillars of publishing programs emerging at university libraries: providing a robust publishing platform, engaging the academic community in discussions about scholarly communication, and building a suite of production level services. The experiences of the Public Knowledge Project, the Simon Fraser University Library, and the University of Toronto Library’s journal hosting service are examined as case studies. Detailed information is provided about the development of the Public Knowledge Project, its goals and history, and the tools it offers. Campus activities at Simon Fraser University have been coordinated to support the use of PKP tools, and to raise awareness on campus about the changing landscape of scholarly publishing. The University of Toronto’s journal hosting service is profiled as another example. The role of university libraries in bringing together scholars, publishing tools and new models of scholarly publishing is considered.

Mele, Salvatore. "The SCOAP3 project: converting the literature of an entire discipline to open access." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 223-233. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

The High-Energy Physics (HEP) community spearheaded Open Access with over half a century of dissemination of pre-prints, culminating in the arXiv system. It is now proposing an Open Access publishing model which goes beyond present, sometimes controversial, proposals, with a novel practical approach: the Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle Physics (SCOAP3). In this model, libraries and research institutions federate to explicitly cover the costs of the peer-review and other editorial services, rather than implicitly supporting them via journal subscriptions. Rather than through subscriptions, journals will their costs from SCOAP3 and make the electronic versions of their journals free to read. Unlike many “author-pays” Open Access models, authors are not directly charged to publish their articles in the Open Access paradigm. Contributions to the SCOAP3 consortium are determined on a country-by-country basis, according to the volume of HEP publications originating from each country. They would come from nation-wide re-directions of current subscriptions to HEP journals. SCOAP3 will negotiate with publishers in the field the price of their peer review services through a tendering process. Journals converted to Open Access will be then decoupled from package licenses. The global yearly budget envelope for this transition is estimated at about 10 Million Euros. This unique experiment of “flipping” from Toll Access to Open Access all journals covering the literature in a given subject is rapidly gaining momentum, and about a third of the required budget envelope has already been pledged by leading libraries, library consortia and High-Energy Physics funding agencies worldwide. This conference paper describes the HEP publication landscape and the bibliometric studies at the basis of the SCOAP3 model. Details of the model are provided and the status of the initiative is presented, debriefing the lessons learned in this attempt to achieve a large-scale conversion of an entire field to Open Access.

Francke, Helena. "The state of metadata in open access journals: possibilities and restrictions." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 56-67. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008. Markup; Metadata; Open Access' Information Access; Scholarly Journals

This paper reports on an inquiry into the use of metadata, publishing formats, and markup in editor-managed open access journals. It builds on findings from a study of the document architectures of open access journals, conducted through a survey of 265 journal web sites and a qualitative, descriptive analysis of 4 journal web sites. The journals’ choices of publishing formats and the consistency of their markup are described as a background. The main investigation is of their inclusion of metadata. Framing the description is a discussion of whether the journals’ metadata may be automatically retrieved by libraries and other information services in order to provide better tools for helping potential readers locate relevant journal articles.

Steinberger, Josef, Karel Jezek, and Martin Sloup. "Web topic summarization." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 322-334. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

In this paper, we present our online summarization system of web topics. The user defines the topic by a set of keywords. Then the system searches the Web for the relevant documents. The top ranked documents are returned and passed on to the summarization component. The summarizer produces a summary which is finally shown to the user. The proposed architecture is fully modular. This enables us to quickly substitute a new version of any module and thus the quality of the system’s output will get better with module improvements. The crucial module which extracts the most important sentences from the documents is based on the latent semantic analysis. Its main property is independency of the language of the source documents. In the system interface, one can choose to search a news site in English or Czech. The results show a very good search quality. Most of the retrieved documents are fully relevant, only a few being marginally relevant. The summarizer is comparable to state-of-the-art systems.

Van Alstyne, Greg, and Robert K. Logan. "When Codex meets network: toward an ideal Smartbook." In Sustainability in the Age of Web 2.0 - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 425. ELPUB. Toronto, Canada, 2008.

The experience of using a book in the classical, codex form – more than 1000 years old – is far from “broken.” However it is ripe for evolutionary enhancement. A cambrian explosion of forms is underway, offering new software, hardware, appliances, systems and networks that seek to extend and enhance the pleasure, power and utility of reading. But which of these forms, if any, promises the ideal combination of qualities and functions?