Due to increasing Internet connectivity, developing countries are now getting access to scholarly and scientific publications and resources at a level that is unmatched historically. This is a significant development, particularly in areas of medical, agricultural, environmental sciences and development literature that are much needed if developing countries are to meet the Millennium Development Goals. Another significant development is the open access movement and the growing number of OAI compliant institutional repositories that promise to provide even greater access to resources that are otherwise inaccessible before. At the same time, these low cost technology and interoperability standards are providing great opportunities for libraries and publishers in developing countries to disseminate local research and knowledge. This presentation reviews these recent trends, discusses their significance for libraries in developing countries, and provides suggestions for researchers and information professionl in developing countries on how to actively participate in and contribute to the global knowledge commons.